In this month of June, it’s a good time to focus on the role fathers play in the mental health of children. Whilst one can never underestimate the crucial role of a mother, the impact of father presence in a family is often overlooked. When fathers are not positively engaged—either physically absent or emotionally unavailable—the effects can be huge.
Research suggests that children with engaged fathers tend to perform better academically, have higher self-esteem, and build healthier social relationships. However, when a father figure is absent, the effects can be long-lasting.
It’s important for both parents to help their children develop healthy ways to manage their emotions (feelings). When children see adults handling their big feelings in a healthy way, it helps them learn to do the same.
Children need a safe space to talk about their big feelings. Encouraging healthy activities such as sports, music, or other creative activities helps children process and release emotions.
Children who grow up without a positively present father often struggle with forming close bonds, which can impact future relationships, friendships, and even romantic partnerships. Depression and anxiety are more common among people who had no present father or father figure as the lack of guidance can leave children feeling lost and unsupported. Additionally, issues with anger management and aggression are more common when a person has had no positive role model to help deal with these.
Importantly, the timing of father absence plays a key role in its effects. Early childhood father absence tends to have a bigger impact on mental health compared to absence during middle childhood.
Beyond individual families, the absence of positively present fathers has an impact on society as a whole. Studies indicate that children raised without present fathers or father figures are at a higher risk of experiencing poverty, engaging in criminal activity, and facing lower educational outcomes. This can contribute to cycles of disadvantage and social instability.
Paths to Healing
While father absence presents significant challenges, several factors can help reduce its negative effects:
- Supportive Family Figures: The presence of stepfathers, male relatives, or strong maternal figures can provide emotional stability and serve as alternative role models.
- Community and Mentorship Programmes: Guidance from mentors, teachers, and community-based programs can help children develop emotional resilience.
- Positive Father Engagement: Encouraging fathers to remain involved in their children’s lives, even if they do not live in the same household, can significantly improve emotional well-being.